YOUR PATH TO THE COCKPIT

PPL(A) Tests

Everything important about the PPL(A) exams: theory, practical exam, prerequisites and exam content.

PPL(A) — Tests

The PPL(A) (Private Pilot Licence – Aeroplane) is the worldwide distributed private pilot license in accordance with EASA regulations. It allows single-engine aeroplanes to be operated for non-commercial purposes.

On the way to the license, applicants must pass both theoretical and practical examinations. Below you will find a clear summary of the examination requirements. The focus is on the examinations, the existence of which is a mandatory condition for the granting of the licence.

The ground level examination shall consist of several individual subjects, while the skill test shall include a full flight examination with an examiner.

Theoretical PPL(A) test


The theory check is carried out at the competent national aviation authority. It shall consist of: Multiple-choice questions in several subjects. The questionnaire is harmonised throughout Europe and covers all relevant topics of general aviation.

Contents of the theory

  • Aircraft law

  • Human performance

  • Meteorology

  • Communication (VFR)

  • Flight performance & Flight planning

  • Aircraft General Knowledge

  • Navigation

  • Operational procedures

  • Basics of flying

The tests may be taken individually or in blocks. Passed is a compartment if at least 75 % The questions have been answered correctly. All partial examinations must be carried out within 18 months have been completed.

Practical PPL(A) test


After completion of the theory and the official flight training, the skill test will follow. An Authority examiner shall assess the aeroplane’s ability to fly and safely control it. The examination shall take place on the type of aircraft on which most of the training has been completed.

Contents of the skill test

  • Preparation of the aircraft (Preflight Check)

  • Navigation (route)

  • Circuit procedure

  • Normal and short take-off/landing

  • Behaviour in simulated emergencies

  • Steep turns, slow flight, stall detection

  • In-flight radio communications

To pass, the candidate must complete all manoeuvres. safe, controlled and according to specifications carry out.

Test elements of the PPL(A)


Range Content Requirements
Theoretical theoretical test Law, navigation, meteorology, aeronautics, communications,
Operational procedures, flight performance & -Planning, basics
of flying, human factors
Multiple choice exam, at least 75 % correct answers per subject;
complete all subjects within 18 months
Radio Certificate (BZF) Radio in German (BZF II) and/or English (BZF I)
For flights in controlled airspace
Separate radio exams at the Federal Network Agency;
Required for participation in controlled air transport
Practical training At least 45 flight hours (incl.) solo flights, navigation flights, circling;
Training on a single-engine piston aeroplane (SEP)
Complete documentation in the flight log; training completion by:
Flight school/training director as a prerequisite for examination registration
Practical test (skill test) flight preparation, navigation, take-offs and landings, emergency procedures;
Standard flight manoeuvres, radio communications
Safe and compliant handling of aircraft and airspace;
Assessment by recognised Authority examiners